Date of Award

8-11-2024

Document Type

Open Access Thesis

Degree Name

MS in Physician Assistant Studies (PA)

Department

Physician Assistant Studies

First Advisor

Vanessa Bester

Abstract

Background: A concerning disparity exists between maternal mortality rates of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) women and White women. Contributing factors include historical trauma, systemic inequities, inadequate funding, and deprioritization of the health of AIAN people.

Purpose: This literature review aims to address the research question: “Why were American Indian and Alaska Native women two times more likely to die of pregnancy-related causes than White women in the US during the period of 2017 through 2019?” The review explores historical context, current evidence, potential causes and interventions that can address AIAN maternal mortality.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Google Scholar and Lindell Library Journals by Title using the search terms “prenatal care AIAN, perinatal care AIAN, postnatal care AIAN, maternal mortality AIAN, maternal mental health outcomes AIAN”. Inclusion criteria focused on studies that added historical context, provided further evidence of the maternal mortality health gap, or discussed current or potential interventions and their effectiveness.

Conclusions: Preventable factors like late initiation of prenatal care, inadequate monitoring for postpartum hemorrhage, and limited mental health resources significantly contribute to maternal mortality rates. Addressing this disparity requires targeted interventions, increased IHS funding, and culturally sensitive healthcare practices.

Identifier

SC 11.PAS.2024.Cusack.B

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